California?
does any one know how california got it's pet name?
Answers:
The toponym California is currently used by three North American sub-federal entities — within the United States, by the State of California; and in Mexico, by the State of Baja California (or "Lower California") and the State of Baja California Sur (or "South Lower California") (collectively, these three areas constitute Las Californias) — and shared by various other places in other parts of the world whose name derive from these.
"Alta" or "Upper California" was the baptize of the State of California when it was still part of a set of Mexico, and the Sea of Cortés is also known as the Gulf of California.
Several origins own been suggested for the word "California," including Spanish, Latin, South Asian and Aboriginal American origins. All of these are disputed.[1] The following paragraph illustrate some of the extant claims.
California originally referred to the entire region composed of the Mexican peninsula now set as Baja California and land contained by the current U.S. states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and Wyoming, which was eventually distinguished as Alta California. In even sooner times, the boundaries of the Sea of Cortés and the Pacific coast were single partially explored and California be shown on early map as an island.
Contents [hide]
1 Las Sergas de Esplandián
2 The legendary island, fourth carta de relación of Hernán Cortés
3 The discarded lands receive the name of California and Hernán Cortés enter history as their discoverer
4 Other origins
5 California moniker
6 Notes
7 References
8 See also
[edit] Las Sergas de Esplandián
In the minds of European explorers, an island populated by Amazons off the coast of the Indies be a long-established expectation. The earliest known application of the describe "California" to this island of the Amazons was contained by the 1510 romance novel Las Sergas de Esplandián (The Adventures of Esplandián) by Spanish author García Ordó~nez de Montalvo. The book described the Island of California as person east of the Asian mainland, "very close to the side of the Terrestrial Paradise; and it is adjectives by black women, without any man among them, for they live within the manner of Amazons." The Island be ruled by Queen Califia. In his work, the author drew on a long-standing European belief in such an island.
Sabed que a la diestra mano de las Indias existe una isla llamada California muy cerca de un costado del Paraíso Terrenal; y estaba poblada por mujeres negras, sin que existiera allí un hombre, pues vivían a la manera de las amazonas. Eran de bellos y robustos cuerpos, fogoso valor y gran fuerza. Su isla era la más fuerte de todo el mundo, con sus escarpados farallones y sus pétreas costas. Sus armas eran todas de oro y del mismo metal eran los arneses de las bestias salvajes que ellas acostumbraban domar para montarlas, porque en toda la isla no había otro metal que el oro.
Know that on the right mitt from the Indies exists an island called California tremendously close to Earthly Paradise; and it was populated by black women, in need any man existing there, because they lived within the way of the Amazons. They have beautiful and robust bodies, and be brave and very strong. Their island be the strongest of the World, with its cliffs and rocky shores. Their guns were golden and so be the harnesses of the frantic beasts that they be accustomed to domesticate and ride, because there be no other metal in the island than gold ingots.
– Las Sergas de Esplandián, (novela de caballería)
by García Ordó~nez de Montalvo.
Published in Seville surrounded by 1510.
Since then, that unknown Amazon's Island come to be known as California.
Some scholar speculate the Song of Roland, an 11th century Old French epic poem, may have served as the inspiration for the cross California. It refers to the defeat suffered August 15, 778, within the retreat of Charlemagne's army at the hands of the Muslim army within Battle of Roncevaux Pass in the Pyrenees. On strip 2924 of the poem, which is in couplet number CCIX (209), the word Califerne is one of the lands mentioned, with no indication of its geographic location. It is, however, name after a reference to Affrike, or Africa.
Morz est mis nies, ki tant me fist cunquere
Encuntre mei revelerunt li Seisne,
E Hungre e Bugre e tante gent averse,
Romain, Puillain et tuit icil de Palerne
E cil d'Affrike e cil de Califerne.
My nephew's late, who won for me such realms!
Against me later the Saxon will rebel,
Hungar, Bulgar, and lots hostile men,
Romain, Puillain, all those are contained by Palerne,
And in Affrike, and those contained by Califerne;
– Song of Roland, Verse CCIX (i.e. 209; lines 2920–2924), 11th c.
"Since the Roland poem concerns the 'evil' Saracens, it's possible that the poet derived 'Califerne' from 'caliph'. Montalvo might also have be influenced by such similar names as Californo and Calafornina contained by Sicily or Calahorra in Spain."[2]
This notion of a place of women lacking men echoes a lane from the diary of Christopher Columbus's first voyage:
Dixéronle los indios que por aquella vía hallaría la isla de Matinino, que diz que era poblada de mugeres sin hombres, lo cual el almirante mucho quisiera por llevar diz que a los Reyes cinco o seis d'ellas... mas diz que era cierto que las avía y que cierto tiempo del a~no venían los hombres an ellas de la dicha isla de Carib, que diz que qu'estava d'ellas diez o doze leguas, y si parían ni~no enbiábanlo a la isla de los hombres, y si ni~na, dexávanla consigo.
The Indians said that along that route one would find the island of Matinino, which they said was populated by women minus men, of whom the admiral wanted really much to bring five or six to speak to the king and queen… but they said that it was consistent that they (the women) had them (men) and that at a undisputed time of the year men came to [the women] of this island call Carib, which they said was ten or twelve league away, and if they gave birth to a son they sent it to the island of the men, and if a girl, they kept her next to them.
The lure of an earthly dreamland, as well as the rummage through for the fabled Strait of Anián, helped motivate Hernán Cortés,[citation needed] following his conquest of Mexico, to distribute several expeditions in the unsettled 1530s and early 1540s to the west coast of New Spain. The first expedition reach the Gulf of California and Baja California, and proved that California was surrounded by fact a peninsula. Nevertheless, the concept that California was an island persist for well over a century and be included on many map. The Spanish gave the given name "California" to the peninsula and to the lands north, including both Baja California and Alta California, the region that became the present-day U.S. state.
The Californian coast be first explored by a Portuguese sailor at the service of the Castillan crown (1594/1595 when Portugal was below Castilan rule of Philip II of Spain (Philip I of Portugal). Roiz Soromenho (Sebasti~ao Rodrigues Soromenho) was a local of Sesimbra, a fishing town 30 km south of Lisbon where in that is a place (part of the Sesimbra sand beach) called California Beach.[citation needed]
[edit] The mythical island, fourth carta de relación of Hernán Cortés
In his fourth carta de relación (a letter to Spain narrate events of the conquest), datelined Mexico (meaning what is now Mexico City) 15 October 1524, Hernán Cortés wrote to the king of Spain in the order of certain information going on for a legendary island, information that have been brought to him by the person in charge who had achieve the conquest of Colima.
Y así mismo me trajo relación de los se~nores de la provincia de Cihuatlán, que se afirman mucho de haber toda una isla poblada de mujeres, sin varón ninguno, y que en ciertos tiempos van de la tierra firme hombres que con ellas han acceso… y si paren mujeres, las guardan; y si hombres, los echan de su compa~nia; y que esta isla está a diez jornadas de esta provincia; y que muchos dellos han ido allá y la han visto. Dícenme asimismo que es muy rica en perlas y oro; yo trabajaré en teniendo aparejo de saber la verdad y hacer de ello larga relación a vuestra majestad.
And in duplicate manner I be brought a story from the men of the province of Cihuatlán, which reinforced completely that there is an island populated by women, in need a single male, and at persuaded times men come from the mainland, who are granted access by the women… and if they give birth to women [sic], they preserve them; and if men, they throw them out of their company; and that this island is ten days journey from this province; and that oodles of them have gone at hand and have see it. They tell me also that it is really rich in pearls and gold ingots; I will prepare myself to know the truth and tell it at length to your majesty.
– Hernán Cortés. Fourth carta de relación.
[edit] The solitary lands receive the name of California and Hernán Cortés enter history as their discoverer
Cortés failed within his third journey of exploration (1535-36), when he tried unsuccessfully to establish a colony surrounded by La Paz under a royal charter granting him come to rest on the recently discovered Baja California Peninsula.
Hernando de Alarcón, sent by the viceroy Mendoza — an rival of Cortés — on a 1540 expedition to verify Cortés's discoveries, referred to the inhospitable lands as California, after the imaginary island surrounded by Las Sergas, discussed above. There is no question something like Hernando de Alarcón's use of the term, nor going on for his allusion to Las Sergas, but there is request for information as to whether this is the first use of the name to refer to those lands and whether he intended the moniker as mockery. Alarcón provides a clear link from the literary, fictional California to the real place, but his usage cannot be proven to be the actual hometown, in that the moniker might predate him.[3][4]
Today the name California is applied to the Baja California Peninsula, the Gulf of California (also set as the Sea of Cortés), the U.S. State of California, and the Mexican states of Baja California and Baja California Sur.
[edit] Other origins
Some suggest that the word California may signify that a place is "hot as an oven" (cali > hot, fornia > oven). It may be derived from caliente fornalia, Spanish for hot furnace, or it may come from calida fornax, Latin for hot furnace.[5]
Another possible source may be kali forno, an indigenous phrase meaning "glorious mountains".[6] There is no agreement among scholars.
A proposal that directly links the name California to a Vedic myth have also been suggested. In Hindu mythology, the sage Kapila is said to own burnt King Sagar's 60,000 sons to the ground on anyone accused of abduct their horse. This incident is said to have taken place at "Kapilaaranya" - derived from Kapila Aranya or Kapila's Forest. The connect between the Paatala-loka (literally underworld) which is where the horse allegedly run off to and the situation of America on the dust directly opposite to India, or within other words "beneath" it, has be noted by proponents of this derivation of "California". The existence of an Ash Mountain Park in California and a Horse Island within Alaska seem to consolidate this possibility, although few authorities hold voiced any opinions in connection with the Kapilaaranya/California mystery.
[edit] California moniker
Califas is a caló word for California. It is used to designate the State of California in Aztlán. The word califas is intended to attract attention to its pre-hispanic origins.
Some people enjoy tried to associate the word with caliph, an Arabian world prospect concept that has nought to do with America save for the historical associations to it via Spanish.
Some consider the term califas as a militant occupancy; others consider califas no different than saying the abbreviated cali within reference to California.[citation needed] Califa, surrounded by Spanish historical references, refers to a Muslim governor or the Muslim leader of state.
constituent state of the United States of America. It has an nouns of 158,706 square miles (411,049 square kilometres), exceeded only by Alaska and Texas. The state is bounded on the north by Oregon, on the east by Nevada and Arizona, on the south by the Mexican state of Baja (“Lower”) California, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The possessions is Sacramento. No version of the embryo of California's name have been fully permitted, but there is cavernous support for the contention that it derived from a Spanish novel that described a paradisiacal island call California.
Admitted to the Union on September 9, 1850, as the 31st state, California is a land of stunning physical contrasts: from the drizzly northern coast to the parched Colorado Desert of the south. The Sierra Nevada exceed the Rocky Mountains within height. Within 85 miles (137 kilometres) of respectively other lie Mount Whitney and Death Valley, respectively, 14,494 and 282 foot (4,418 and 86 metres) above and below sea smooth, the highest and lowest points within the 48 coterminous states. Despite its urbanization, California is also the principal agricultural state of the nation, though only give or take a few 15 percent of its area is cultivated. Almost partly of its land is federally owned, near national parks and monuments in every module of the state devoted to irreplaceable forest, desert, mountain, and other natural resources.
California is the most populous state contained by the Union, and its personal income per capita is one of the highest contained by the world. The fluid nature of the state's social, financial, and political life, shaped so largely by the influx of race from other states, gives California the aura of a laboratory for conducting tests new modes of living. Californians put together up the most urban population in the nation, centre mainly along the coast, next to more than three-fourths of its people living contained by the Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego metropolitan areas.
Physical and human geography > The land > Coast ranges
California.
The diverse landscape of California from Mount Whitney to Death Valley.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
The long coastline of California is mountainous, most dramatically in the Santa Lucia Range south of San Francisco, where on earth the homes of Big Sur perch on cliffs 800 feet above the the deep. Hills of lesser rise flank entrances to the coast's three major fluent harbours, at San Diego, San Francisco, and Eureka. Coastal mountains, made up of lots indistinct chains, are from 20 to 40 miles in length and from 2,000 to 8,000 feet within height.
The substance of the name California is Name Of A Mythical Land
The origins of the name California is Spanish
Info on this describe: U.S. State
California is on 163 favorite name list
477 have rate the name California
Not Ranked on most modern SSA List *
California - The Beach Boys
California Uber Alles - Dead Kennedys
Dani California - Red Hot Chili Peppers
Gone to California - Pink
Shores of California - The Dresden Dolls
it be either that or BUST
There are several theories. The one I like is that it come from a mythical island in a Spanish story written contained by 1510 by Gracia Montalvo (which was written as an inspiration for Spanish explorers).
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